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Ankle fusion surgery is used to join the bones of a damaged ankle joint so they heal into one stable connection. This procedure is also called ankle arthrodesis. The goal is to reduce severe pain and improve stability when an ankle has become badly damaged. Fusion does not restore normal ankle motion, but it can make walking more comfortable by removing painful movement. This surgery is generally considered when other treatments have not provided enough relief.

Ankle arthritis is a common reason for fusion surgery. It can develop after an injury, repeated stress, or years of joint wear. Severe joint damage from inflammatory arthritis or previous fractures may also cause ongoing pain. Symptoms include ankle stiffness, swelling, and pain while walking. A podiatrist or podiatric surgeon will evaluate the ankle and use imaging tests to determine whether fusion is appropriate.

There are two main approaches to ankle fusion. Open ankle fusion uses an incision that allows the surgeon to directly access the joint, remove damaged cartilage, and prepare the bones for healing. Arthroscopic ankle fusion uses a camera and specialized instruments through smaller incisions. The surgeon removes damaged cartilage and positions the bones so they can fuse together. The choice depends on joint damage, anatomy, and the podiatric surgeon's assessment. Screws or other fixation devices may be used to hold the bones securely while they heal.

After surgery, careful protection of the ankle is important. A podiatrist may prescribe a cast or boot and provide instructions for limiting weight on the surgical foot. Follow-up visits and imaging tests help monitor bone healing and alignment. Pain management and incision care are also part of recovery. The podiatrist will explain when it is safe to gradually increase activity. If you have ankle pain that may require ankle fusion surgery, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can determine if this type of surgery is right for you.

Foot surgery is sometimes necessary to treat a foot ailment. To learn more, contact Dr. Robbi Young of Grand Haven Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will assist you with all of your foot and ankle needs.

When Is Surgery Necessary?

Foot and ankle surgery is generally reserved for cases in which less invasive, conservative procedures have failed to alleviate the problem. Some of the cases in which surgery may be necessary include:

• Removing foot deformities like bunions and bone spurs
• Severe arthritis that has caused bone issues
• Cosmetic reconstruction

What Types of Surgery Are There?

The type of surgery you receive will depend on the nature of the problem you have. Some of the possible surgeries include:

• Bunionectomy for painful bunions
• Surgical fusion for realignment of bones
• Neuropathy decompression surgery to treat nerve damage

Benefits of Surgery

Although surgery is usually a last resort, it can provide more complete pain relief compared to non-surgical methods and may allow you to finally resume full activity.

Surgical techniques have also become increasingly sophisticated. Techniques like endoscopic surgery allow for smaller incisions and faster recovery times.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Grand Haven, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Flat feet occur when the arches are low or touch the ground while standing. Some people have flat arches from childhood and never develop symptoms. Others develop flatter feet because the tissues that support the arch weaken. The posterior tibial tendon runs along the inside of the ankle and helps hold up the arch. Arthritis, loose ligaments, or repeated strain can also change the foot's shape. Flat feet can affect one foot or both feet, and the degree of flattening varies between patients.

Symptoms include aching in the arch, heel, or inside of the ankle. Swelling can develop near the inner ankle when the posterior tibial tendon is irritated. Some patients notice tired feet, reduced balance, or difficulty standing for long periods of time. These changes can place added pressure on joints and soft tissues. Pain can worsen when walking, running, or climbing stairs. Shoes that lack proper support can increase discomfort. A sudden change in arch shape, weakness, or trouble rising onto the toes can indicate a need for medical attention.

A podiatrist can determine whether flat feet are flexible or stiff and identify the source of pain. The evaluation includes checking foot alignment, joint movement, and tendon strength. Weight-bearing X-rays can reveal changes in bone position or arthritis. Other imaging tests can provide a closer view of damaged tendons or ligaments. Treatment is based on the patient's symptoms and the extent of the changes. A podiatrist can recommend fitted shoes, custom orthotics, or a brace. A walking boot may protect an irritated tendon in painful cases. Early evaluation can help reduce strain and protect the foot from further changes. If you have foot pain related to flat feet, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for effective relief and management solutions.

Flatfoot is a condition many people suffer from. If you have flat feet, contact Dr. Robbi Young from Grand Haven Foot & Ankle. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

What Are Flat Feet?

Flatfoot is a condition in which the arch of the foot is depressed and the sole of the foot is almost completely in contact with the ground. About 20-30% of the population generally has flat feet because their arches never formed during growth.

Conditions & Problems:

Having flat feet makes it difficult to run or walk because of the stress placed on the ankles.

Alignment – The general alignment of your legs can be disrupted, because the ankles move inward which can cause major discomfort.

Knees – If you have complications with your knees, flat feet can be a contributor to arthritis in that area.  

Symptoms

• Pain around the heel or arch area
• Trouble standing on the tip toe
• Swelling around the inside of the ankle
• Flat look to one or both feet
• Having your shoes feel uneven when worn

Treatment

If you are experiencing pain and stress on the foot you may weaken the posterior tibial tendon, which runs around the inside of the ankle. 

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Grand Haven, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

A tailor’s bunion is a bony prominence that develops along the outside edge of the foot near the base of the little toe. Commonly called a bunionette, it forms when the fifth metatarsal bone shifts outward as the little toe angles inward. Symptoms include a bump, tenderness, and pain when wearing narrow shoes. People may develop thickened skin or irritation over the area. Although a tailor’s bunion is not usually dangerous, discomfort can interfere with walking and activities.

Several factors can contribute to a tailor’s bunion. Genetics may influence foot structure, making some people more likely to develop abnormal toe bones or changes in alignment. Flat feet can alter how pressure moves through the foot and may increase stress along the forefoot. Other foot and ankle conditions can also affect alignment and contribute to bunionette formation. Tight or pointed shoes may worsen pressure around the little toe. Risk factors include inherited foot structure, flat feet, and repeated stress from activities that place pressure on the forefoot.

A podiatrist begins treatment by examining the foot and reviewing symptoms, footwear, and history. X-rays may be recommended to evaluate bone position and joint alignment. Treatment often starts with wearing wider shoes that provide adequate toe room. Additionally, padding can protect the bump from friction, while orthotics may help improve pressure distribution. A podiatrist may also recommend medication to reduce discomfort. If pain remains despite conservative care, surgery may be considered to realign the affected bone and improve function.

Understanding the cause of a tailor’s bunion can make treatment more effective. Early care may reduce irritation and prevent symptoms from becoming limiting. If you have a painful tailor’s bunion, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can provide effective relief, treatment, and management solutions. 

If you are suffering from bunion pain, contact Dr. Robbi Young of Grand Haven Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Is a Bunion?

Bunions are painful bony bumps that usually develop on the inside of the foot at the joint of the big toe. As the deformity increases over time, it may become painful to walk and wear shoes. Women are more likely to exacerbate existing bunions since they often wear tight, narrow shoes that shift their toes together. Bunion pain can be relieved by wearing wider shoes with enough room for the toes.

Causes

• Genetics – some people inherit feet that are more prone to bunion development
• Inflammatory Conditions - rheumatoid arthritis and polio may cause bunion development

Symptoms

• Redness and inflammation
• Pain and tenderness
• Callus or corns on the bump
• Restricted motion in the big toe

In order to diagnose your bunion, your podiatrist may ask about your medical history, symptoms, and general health. Your doctor might also order an x-ray to take a closer look at your feet. Nonsurgical treatment options include orthotics, padding, icing, changes in footwear, and medication. If nonsurgical treatments don’t alleviate your bunion pain, surgery may be necessary.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Grand Haven, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a nerve condition that develops when the tibial nerve becomes compressed as it passes through the tarsal tunnel near the inside of the ankle. This narrow passage contains nerves, blood vessels, and tendons. When pressure affects the tibial nerve, discomfort can travel through the ankle and into the foot. Understanding this condition can help you recognize symptoms early and seek care before nerve irritation becomes persistent.

Common symptoms include burning pain around the inner ankle, tingling in the sole, and numbness in the foot. Some people notice shooting discomfort that becomes stronger after standing or walking for long periods of time. Symptoms may also feel worse at night or after strenuous activity. Risk factors include flat feet, ankle injuries, and arthritis. Diabetes and repetitive stress may also increase vulnerability to nerve compression.

Several causes can contribute to tarsal tunnel syndrome. An ankle sprain may create swelling that places pressure on the tibial nerve. A cyst, bone spur, or other growth can narrow the tunnel. Abnormal foot mechanics may also increase strain along the nerve. A podiatrist begins treatment by reviewing your symptoms and medical history. The examination may assess foot structure, sensation, strength, and nerve function. Diagnostic testing may be recommended when needed to identify nerve compression or another source.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of symptoms. A podiatrist may recommend activity changes, wearing supportive footwear, or custom orthotics. Medication may reduce irritation and pressure. In selected cases, injections may help control inflammation, while surgery can release the compressed nerve when conservative care does not provide relief. Early evaluation can improve the opportunity for treatment and protect nerve function. Prompt care supports lasting comfort. If you have symptoms of tarsal tunnel syndrome, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can accurately diagnose and treat this condition. 

Tarsal tunnel syndrome can be very uncomfortable to live with. If you are experiencing tarsal tunnel syndrome, contact Dr. Robbi Young of Grand Haven Foot & Ankle. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Tarsal tunnel syndrome, which can also be called tibial nerve dysfunction, is an uncommon condition of misfiring peripheral nerves in the foot. The tibial nerve is the peripheral nerve in the leg responsible for sensation and movement of the foot and calf muscles. In tarsal tunnel syndrome, the tibial nerve is damaged, causing problems with movement and feeling in the foot of the affected leg.

Common Cause of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Involves pressure or an injury, direct pressure on the tibial nerve for an extended period of time, sometimes caused by other body structures close by or near the knee.
• Diseases that damage nerves, including diabetes, may cause tarsal tunnel syndrome.
• At times, tarsal tunnel syndrome can appear without an obvious cause in some cases.

The Effects of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Different sensations, an afflicted person may experience pain, tingling, burning or other unusual sensations in the foot of the affected leg.
• The foot muscles, toes and ankle become weaker, and curling your toes or flexing your foot can become difficult.
• If condition worsens, infections and ulcers may develop on the foot that is experiencing the syndrome.

A physical exam of the leg can help identify the presence of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Medical tests, such as a nerve biopsy, are also used to diagnose the condition. Patients may receive physical therapy and prescriptive medication. In extreme cases, some may require surgery.

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Grand Haven, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.